Introduction:

Winter is tough on your home, especially when it comes to your windows and doors. Cold air, snow, and ice can sneak through cracks, leading to drafts, higher heating bills, and potential damage if left unchecked. To keep your home warm and efficient during the cold months, a little maintenance goes a long way.

Winterizing your windows and doors doesn’t have to be complicated. It’s about checking for drafts, making sure seals are intact, and ensuring everything opens and closes smoothly despite the cold. Taking these simple steps will help prevent energy loss, keep your heating system from overworking, and make your home more comfortable when temperatures drop.

In this guide, we’ll walk you through some practical maintenance tips to help your windows and doors stand up to winter’s challenges. By staying ahead of potential problems, you’ll not only save money but also avoid the discomfort of a drafty home when you need warmth the most.

DIY Draft Testing

1. The Candle or Lighter Test: One of the easiest ways to check for drafts is with a simple flame test. Light a candle or use a lighter and hold it near the edges of your windows and doors. If the flame flickers or bends, you’ve likely found a draft. Be sure to move slowly around all sides, especially near corners where drafts are more common.
2. Look for Visible Gaps: Sometimes, drafts are obvious just by looking closely at your windows and doors. Check for gaps between the frame and the wall, especially in areas where caulking or weatherstripping may have worn away.
3. Use a Hand Test: On particularly cold or windy days, you can easily feel for drafts by running your hand around the edges of windows and doors. If you feel cold air coming through, you’ve got a leak that needs attention.

How to Seal Drafts

1. Replace Weatherstripping: If you find drafts around the edges of your doors or windows, the weatherstripping might be worn out. Replacing old weatherstripping with new foam, rubber, or vinyl strips is a quick and effective fix for most air leaks.
2. Re-Caulk Gaps: If you spot gaps or cracks in the caulking around window and door frames, reapply fresh caulk to seal them up. Make sure to use an exterior-grade caulk for outdoor seals to prevent water and cold air from getting in.
3. Install Draft Stoppers: For particularly drafty doors, especially at the bottom, a door sweep or draft stopper can make a noticeable difference. These block cold air from entering under the door, keeping your home warmer and more energy-efficient.

When to Call a Pro

1. Persistent Drafts: If you’ve sealed obvious gaps and replaced weatherstripping but are still feeling drafts, it might be worth calling in a professional. A pro can perform an energy audit to identify harder-to-spot air leaks and provide long-term solutions, like better insulation or advanced weatherproofing.
2. Window Replacement: If your windows are old or severely damaged, repairing drafts might not be enough. In some cases, replacing old windows with energy-efficient models is the best way to prevent air leaks and improve your home’s insulation.

Why It’s Important

Addressing drafts and air leaks early in the winter season helps keep your home comfortable and your energy bills lower. Sealing drafts not only prevents cold air from sneaking in, but it also helps your heating system run more efficiently, saving you money while keeping you warm. A well-sealed home makes all the difference when the temperatures start to drop.

When temperatures dip, one common issue you might notice is condensation forming on your windows—or worse, ice build-up. Not only can this affect your view, but it can also lead to long-term problems like mold growth and water damage. Managing condensation and preventing ice are key to keeping your windows in good shape and your home warm and dry.

How Condensation and Ice Form

Condensation happens when warm, moist air inside your home meets the cold surface of your window. Ice build-up is just the next step—when that condensation freezes in extremely low temperatures. If left unchecked, both can cause damage to your windows and even your home’s structure over time.

What You Can Do

• Lower indoor humidity: One of the best ways to reduce condensation is by managing the humidity levels inside your home. Use exhaust fans in rooms like the kitchen and bathroom, where moisture tends to build up, and consider using a dehumidifier in living spaces.
• Improve ventilation: Opening windows for short periods during the day can help reduce humidity levels, even in the winter. It might sound counterintuitive, but good airflow prevents excessive moisture from accumulating inside.
• Use storm windows or insulating films: If your windows are prone to condensation or icing, adding storm windows or applying insulating window film can help create a barrier between the cold air outside and the warm air inside. This reduces the temperature difference and can cut down on condensation significantly.

Pro Tips for Persistent Issues

• Replace or upgrade windows: If your windows constantly fog up or ice over despite your efforts, it might be a sign that they aren’t insulating well. Energy-efficient windows with double or triple panes and low-E coatings do a better job of keeping cold air out and preventing condensation.
• Professional inspection for leaks: If condensation or ice tends to form around the edges of your windows, there may be a hidden air leak. A professional can check for gaps and reseal the area to help keep the cold out.

Table: Quick Fixes for Condensation and Ice Build-Up

Keeping Your Home Dry and Warm

Addressing condensation and ice build-up is more than just an aesthetic issue—it’s about maintaining the health of your home. By preventing moisture accumulation, you’ll avoid long-term damage like mold or water seepage that could harm your home’s structure or indoor air quality. These steps will ensure your windows stay clear, functional, and insulated, giving you peace of mind throughout the winter.

One of the simplest ways to keep your home warm during the winter is by ensuring that your windows and doors are properly sealed. Weatherstripping acts as the first line of defense against cold drafts and moisture, but over time, it can wear out or become damaged. Taking a few moments to check and adjust the weatherstripping on your windows and doors can make a big difference in both comfort and energy savings.

What to Look For

• Cracks or Gaps: Start by inspecting the weatherstripping around your windows and doors. Look for visible cracks, peeling, or gaps where air could be seeping through. Damaged weatherstripping is one of the most common causes of drafts and higher heating bills during the winter months.
• Stiff or Brittle Strips: Over time, the material can become brittle or stiff, especially if exposed to extreme temperatures. If the weatherstripping feels hard or rigid, it’s likely no longer effective at sealing out the cold and should be replaced.

How to Adjust or Replace

• Simple Adjustments: Sometimes, weatherstripping simply needs to be adjusted. If it’s misaligned or slightly out of place, repositioning it to create a tighter seal may solve the problem. This is a quick fix that can immediately improve the insulation around your windows and doors.
• Replacing Old Weatherstripping: If the material is damaged or worn beyond repair, replacing it is a straightforward DIY task. Choose a new strip that matches the type of window or door, whether foam, rubber, or vinyl, and measure it to fit snugly. Remove the old strip, clean the surface, and apply the new weatherstripping, ensuring a tight seal.

Professional Tips From the MacFarlane Team

• Custom Solutions for Older Homes: If you live in an older home with original windows or doors, standard weatherstripping may not always be enough. A professional can help identify custom solutions, like higher-grade materials or additional sealing methods, to ensure your home is properly insulated.
• Whole-Home Sealing: For homes experiencing significant energy loss, a professional might recommend a more comprehensive approach, including caulking, window films, or even storm windows in addition to replacing weatherstripping. These extra steps can provide even greater insulation during particularly harsh winters.

Staying Ahead of Winter

By inspecting and adjusting your weatherstripping now, you’ll block out cold air before it becomes a bigger issue. This small task can prevent drafts, improve your home’s overall comfort, and reduce the workload on your heating system, saving you energy and money as the temperature drops. A well-sealed home means fewer cold spots and more consistent warmth, making all the difference during the winter season.

Winter conditions can bring about more than just cold air; they can also cause ice dams and water intrusion around your windows and doors. Ice dams form when snow on your roof melts and refreezes near the edges, trapping water behind it. This water can seep into your home, especially around windows and doors, leading to water damage, mold, or rot. It’s crucial to inspect for these problems early in the season to prevent costly repairs later.

Signs of Ice Dams and Water Intrusion

• Visible Icicles: While they may look picturesque, large icicles hanging from your roofline can indicate that water isn’t draining properly. This is a common sign of ice dams forming along the roof’s edge, and they can lead to water seeping into your home’s structure.

• Water Stains Around Windows or Doors: Water stains, peeling paint, or warped wood near windows or doors are telltale signs that moisture is getting in where it shouldn’t. This could be due to ice dams causing water to back up or from improper drainage around your home.

• Drafts and Cold Spots: If you notice sudden drafts near windows or doors after a heavy snowfall, water may have compromised the seals, leading to air leaks and even more moisture seeping in.

Preventive Measures

• Keep Gutters Clean: A clogged gutter can trap water, increasing the risk of ice dams. Clear out leaves, debris, and snow from gutters and downspouts regularly to ensure proper water drainage.

• Add Roof Insulation: Proper insulation in your attic helps regulate roof temperature and prevents snow from melting too quickly. By keeping your roof evenly cool, you can reduce the chances of ice dams forming in the first place.

• Ensure Proper Sealing Around Windows and Doors: If there’s any sign of water intrusion, check the caulking and weatherstripping around windows and doors. Apply fresh caulk where necessary to seal any gaps and prevent further water damage.

Pro Tips from the MacFarlane Team

• Professional Roof Inspection: The MacFarlane Team recommends having a professional inspect your roof before winter fully sets in, especially if you’ve dealt with ice dams in the past. A professional can assess your roof’s insulation and drainage system to ensure it’s ready for winter.

• Ice Dam Removal: If you already have an ice dam forming, don’t attempt to chip away at the ice yourself. The MacFarlane Team advises calling a professional to safely remove it without damaging your roof or gutters. They can use steam or specialized tools to clear the dam and prevent further water buildup.

Table: Common Ice Dam and Water Intrusion Issues

Protecting Your Home from Ice and Water

Ice dams and water intrusion can cause serious damage to your home if left unchecked. By inspecting your roof, gutters, and windows early in the winter season, you can avoid water damage, costly repairs, and potential mold growth. Proactive steps like keeping your gutters clean and ensuring proper insulation will go a long way in protecting your home from these common winter issues.

Winter in Ontario can be harsh, with freezing temperatures, heavy snowfall, and biting winds. One of the most effective ways to protect your home from these elements is by installing storm windows and doors. These act as an additional barrier against the cold, keeping your home insulated, reducing drafts, and even lowering your heating bills.

Why Storm Windows and Doors Matter

• Added Insulation: Storm windows and doors create an extra layer between the interior of your home and the outside, reducing the amount of cold air that can penetrate your home. This extra insulation helps keep your home warmer and reduces the strain on your heating system.
• Reduced Energy Loss: By adding storm windows or doors, you can significantly reduce energy loss through older or less efficient windows and doors. Even if your current windows and doors are in good shape, the extra layer of protection provided by storm windows can make a noticeable difference in your home’s overall energy efficiency.
• Protection from the Elements: Storm windows and doors not only help with insulation, but they also protect your main windows and doors from snow, ice, and wind. This reduces wear and tear, helping your windows and doors last longer.

DIY Storm Window and Door Installation

Installing storm windows and doors can be a manageable project for the average homeowner, as long as you have the right tools and take accurate measurements. Here’s how to approach it:

1. Measure Carefully: Measure your existing windows and doors to ensure that the storm versions will fit properly. Make sure to take measurements from multiple points (top, middle, and bottom) to account for any warping or unevenness.
2. Select the Right Storm Windows/Doors: Choose storm windows and doors that fit your home’s style while providing the level of insulation and protection you need. Look for options with energy-efficient features like Low-E glass for maximum insulation.
3. Install Securely: When installing storm windows or doors, make sure they are properly sealed and secured to prevent drafts and water from sneaking in. Use weather-resistant caulk around the edges to ensure a tight fit.

Pro Tips from the MacFarlane Team

• Custom Storm Windows: According to the MacFarlane Team, if your home has uniquely shaped or oversized windows, custom storm windows may be a better option. A professional can help design and install custom versions that fit perfectly, providing better insulation and protection compared to standard models.
• Professional Installation for Long-Term Performance: While DIY installation is possible, the MacFarlane Team suggests considering professional installation, especially for larger projects or older homes with uneven window or door frames. A professional can ensure that the storm windows and doors are installed correctly, maximizing their energy-saving benefits and ensuring they last through many winters.

Storm Windows and Doors: A Worthwhile Investment

Installing storm windows and doors is a smart investment, particularly for homes in areas with harsh winter weather. Not only do they provide better insulation and help reduce energy costs, but they also protect your main windows and doors from the elements. Whether you opt for a DIY approach or call in a professional, adding storm windows and doors to your winter maintenance routine can make your home more comfortable, energy-efficient, and resilient against winter’s worst.

Caulking plays a vital role in keeping your windows and doors sealed against the elements, preventing cold air, moisture, and drafts from sneaking into your home. Over time, caulking can crack, peel, or wear away, leaving gaps that allow air and water to penetrate. Inspecting and repairing caulking before winter fully sets in is a simple yet effective way to maintain your home’s insulation and prevent costly damage.

Why Caulking Matters in Winter

• Seals Out Cold Air: Proper caulking seals gaps and cracks around windows and doors, keeping cold air out and warm air in. Without it, even the smallest cracks can lead to drafts and increase your heating bills.
• Prevents Moisture Intrusion: Gaps in caulking can allow moisture to seep in, leading to water damage, mold, and rot, especially around wooden frames. Keeping caulking intact is essential for preventing long-term structural damage.

How to Inspect and Repair Caulking

1. Visual Inspection: Begin by walking around your home and visually inspecting the caulking around all windows and doors. Look for signs of cracking, peeling, or areas where the caulk has pulled away from the frame.
2. Test the Seals: Gently press on the caulk to check for firmness. If it feels brittle, breaks off, or has visible gaps, it’s no longer effective and should be replaced.
3. Remove Old Caulk: Use a utility knife or caulk removal tool to carefully scrape away damaged or old caulk. Make sure the surface is clean and free of debris before applying new caulk.
4. Apply New Caulk: Choose a weather-resistant, exterior-grade caulk—silicone-based caulk is often the best choice for flexibility and durability in cold weather. Apply a steady bead of caulk along the gap, smoothing it with your finger or a caulking tool for a neat finish.

Pro Tips from the MacFarlane Team

• Match the Caulk to Your Climate: The MacFarlane Team recommends choosing a caulk that’s specifically designed for your region’s climate. In Ontario’s cold winters, silicone or rubber-based caulks tend to perform better, as they remain flexible and won’t crack in freezing temperatures.
• Get Professional Help for Extensive Repairs: If you find large sections of damaged caulking or discover that the frames themselves are compromised, the MacFarlane Team suggests calling in a professional. They can ensure that the window or door frame is properly sealed and may recommend additional insulation methods for maximum energy efficiency.

Table: Common Caulking Issues and Solutions

Keep Your Home Sealed and Protected

Repairing the caulking around your windows and doors may seem like a small task, but it has a big impact on your home’s energy efficiency and overall comfort during the winter. By ensuring that all seals are intact, you’ll keep cold air and moisture out, prevent drafts, and save on heating costs. Whether you handle it yourself or bring in a professional, caulking should be at the top of your winter maintenance checklist.

Winter’s freezing temperatures can take a toll on your windows, especially if there are any existing cracks or chips in the glass. These small imperfections may seem harmless, but when exposed to extreme cold, they can expand and worsen, leading to more significant issues. Checking your window glass for cracks before the cold fully sets in is a critical part of your winter maintenance routine.

Why Cracks Worsen in Winter

When temperatures drop, the materials in your windows contract, and if there’s already a crack or chip in the glass, this contraction can cause it to spread. Cold weather increases the stress on the glass, making even small cracks larger and more difficult—and expensive—to repair. A simple inspection now can prevent more costly repairs later.

How to Inspect and Repair Cracks

• Visual Inspection: Start by carefully examining all of your windows, inside and out. Look for visible cracks, chips, or scratches in the glass. Even small cracks, if left unattended, can become bigger problems when the temperature drops.
• Check Window Corners: Cracks often form in the corners of windows, where the frame and glass meet. These areas are more vulnerable to stress, and cracks can be harder to spot, so pay extra attention to the edges and corners.
• Temporary Fixes: If you find a crack but don’t have time for a full repair before winter, applying a clear adhesive tape can provide a temporary solution to prevent it from spreading. This is only a short-term fix, and the glass should be professionally repaired or replaced as soon as possible.
• Professional Repair: For larger cracks, or if the crack extends across the glass, it’s best to have a professional handle the repair. They can assess whether the window can be fixed or if the glass needs to be replaced entirely. In some cases, a professional can replace just the pane, saving you the cost of replacing the entire window.

Pro Tips from the MacFarlane Team

• Window Replacement for Severe Damage: If you have multiple cracks or if the damage extends across the entire window, the MacFarlane Team recommends considering a full replacement of the glass. This not only restores the integrity of the window but can also improve energy efficiency, especially if you upgrade to insulated or double-pane windows.
• Inspect After Storms: The MacFarlane Team also suggests doing a quick inspection after severe winter storms. Heavy snow or ice accumulation can put extra pressure on your windows, and debris from strong winds can cause new chips or cracks.

Protect Your Home from Further Damage

By inspecting your window glass for cracks before winter fully sets in, you’ll prevent small issues from turning into bigger headaches. Cracked windows not only reduce your home’s insulation but can also let in moisture, which may lead to additional problems like mold or water damage. Addressing these issues early keeps your windows in good shape, maintaining a warm and comfortable home all winter long.

As temperatures plummet, your windows may not always provide enough insulation to keep the cold at bay. Even well-sealed windows can still let in some chill, especially if they’re older or single-paned. One easy and cost-effective way to enhance your home’s insulation during the winter is by using insulating curtains or applying window films. These simple additions can help keep your home warmer, reduce drafts, and even lower your heating bills.

Why Insulating Curtains and Window Films Work

• Extra Layer of Protection: Insulating curtains are made from heavier materials that provide an additional barrier between the cold outside and the warmth inside. By hanging these over your windows, you create a pocket of trapped air that acts as an insulator, reducing heat loss through the glass.
• Window Films Block Heat Loss: Window films work by reflecting heat back into the room while allowing light to enter. This is especially useful for single-pane windows, which tend to lose more heat. The films are easy to apply and can be a temporary or long-term solution depending on your needs.

How to Use Insulating Curtains and Window Films

• Installing Insulating Curtains: Choose curtains made from thick, thermal materials that are specifically designed to insulate. When hanging them, make sure they extend slightly beyond the window frame to fully block out drafts. For maximum effectiveness, close the curtains at night to trap heat inside, and open them during the day to let in sunlight.
• Applying Window Films: Window films can be applied directly to the glass and are typically installed using a peel-and-stick method. Start by cleaning the window thoroughly to remove any dust or dirt, then measure and cut the film to fit your window. Smooth it onto the glass, ensuring there are no air bubbles. These films are especially useful for windows that face north or are more exposed to cold winds.

Pro Tips from the MacFarlane Team

• Layering Solutions for Maximum Efficiency: The MacFarlane Team recommends using both insulating curtains and window films for homes with older windows or those in extremely cold climates. Layering these solutions provides the best of both worlds—curtains block drafts and window films help reduce heat loss through the glass.
• Choosing High-Quality Materials: The MacFarlane Team also advises homeowners to invest in high-quality, thermal curtains and professionally rated window films. Cheaper options may not provide the same level of insulation and could need replacement sooner.

Conclusion: Keeping Your Home Winter-Ready

Maintaining your windows and doors during the winter is essential to keeping your home warm, comfortable, and energy-efficient. From sealing drafts and repairing caulking to adding storm windows and insulating curtains, each step plays a crucial role in preventing heat loss and protecting your home from winter’s harsh conditions.

Whether you’re making quick DIY fixes or calling in the professionals for more extensive repairs, staying proactive with these maintenance tasks will help you avoid costly damage and keep your heating bills manageable. A well-prepared home means you can enjoy the winter season in comfort, without worrying about drafts, leaks, or rising energy costs.

By following these simple maintenance tips, you’ll ensure your windows and doors stand up to the elements, providing insulation, protection, and peace of mind all winter long.